What Makes Decision Making More Difficult?

What Can Help?

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Exercise description

Introductory directions: “Find a pair for this experiential exercise, which is challenging and might be difficult. Take a piece of paper and a pencil and group yourselves into pairs.”

Each pair is given a stack of newspapers or masking tape and their task is to make a stick. The pairs will agree on who will be Person A and who will be Person B.

Step 1. Person A should beat Person B for 30 seconds. Person B is supposed to run away from Person A. Before beginning, they should write down on a piece of paper the thoughts/feelings/ questions they have going into the exercise. After the exercise, each person should briefly describe their experience in writing.

Step 2. Person A should beat Person B for 30 seconds. Person B should defend themselves so that as few blows as possible land. Before they begin, they should write down the thoughts/feelings/ questions they have going into this exercise. After the exercise, each person should briefly describe their experience in writing.

Step 3. Person A should beat Person B for 30 seconds. Person B should use a new strategy that wasn’t used in the first two steps but without using violence. Before they begin, they should write down the thoughts/feelings/questions they have going into this exercise. After the exercise, each person should briefly describe their experience in writing.

Person A and Person B exchange roles and the steps are repeated.

Evaluation

Suggested questions for evaluating the exercise:

• How do you feel now?
• How did other people’s reactions influence you?
• What did you write down?
• What does this experience remind you of?

* Bittl-Drempetic. Gewaltfrei Handeln, p. 378.

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Everyone stands in a circle and everyone has the opportunity to express one of the needs that they have in terms of the group.

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Exercise description

Choose a piece of music beforehand that all the participants might like and make sure you have the means to play it.

Ask for a volunteer (someone who can challenge the group) and ask them to leave the room. Others will be given the task of preparing a dance with a repeating choreography that matches the music that has been chosen. The group is told that they should come up with steps and practise them so that everyone feels good working together in a supportive and trusting group environment, and so that they don’t want to make any changes to the choreography. Their task is to dance in the agreed-upon rhythm and they are told that the exercise will be over if they stop dancing for 30 seconds.

The volunteer is told that their task is to change the formation of the group or find a way to influence them without using physical violence or standing in their way. They have 10 minutes for their task.

Invite the volunteer back into the room and play the music. For the next 10 minutes, while the group is dancing, the volunteer tries to distract them. After 10 minutes, the exercise is over.

Secret instructions: Before the workshop, choose one person who will be given a secret task beforehand. Their task is to be part of the group but to try and influence the group to change what they are doing and to change their formation. They shouldn’t be too obvious about it and should start their task only once the volunteer is back in the room and the exercise has begun. To be precise, their task is to remain part of the group and to not distance themselves from it but to create change.

Evaluation

Suggested questions for evaluating the exercise:

• How did you feel playing your roles? (question for the group and the volunteer)
• What changed once the distractions started?
• (Ask the person with the secret role to reveal what their task was.)
• Which strategies of influence were successful and which weren’t?

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Evaluation Suggested questions to evaluate the exercise: Ask each group: What happened? Then tell them about the instructions given to the new islanders. How did the newcomers feel about their role as rule-breakers, and how did the islanders feel about their system being disrespected? Who was the victim and who was the aggressor? How does this experience relate to real life?

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Exercise description

Divide the group up into pairs. The instructions are:

“Decide which one of you will have power over the other person for the next five minutes. If everyone is willing, one person gives the other person power over themselves for five minutes. Before the exercise begins, everyone should write down on a piece of paper or in a notebook the thoughts and feelings they have going into this exercise.” After five minutes, the roles are reversed and the exercise is repeated.

Evaluation

Suggested questions for evaluating the exercise:

• Which role was more difficult for you?
• How did you use your power? How did you feel about it? Did you feel resistance from the other person and how did you deal with that?
• How did you feel in the role when someone else had power over you? Did you resist? How?

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Evaluation Suggested questions for evaluating the exercise:

• How did you feel in each role and why?
• Did you introduce new rules?
• To what extent did you maintain eye contact (with the person you are “controlling” or with person “controlling” you)?

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If it is a large group, divide it into two smaller groups. The group stands in a circle. One person is the “initiator”. The initiator steps into the centre of the circle and their task is to stand in front of each participant and to address them with the words: “Change!”. The person being addressed should react spontaneously depending on how they were addressed, and they can even say something briefly (this is not a non-verbal exercise). Proceed in a circle, slowly and without any hurry. When the initiator has done a full circle, they go back to their place and the next person in the group takes on the role of initiator. Everyone should have a turn in this role.

Evaluation

Suggested questions for evaluating the exercise:

• How did you feel instructing others? How did you deliver your message?
• How did you feel being instructed? Why?
• How was the message delivered?
• How did the person who demanded change act?

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Exercise description

Exercise description Instructions: The task is to use six or seven chairs to construct a statue that symbolises the power of nonviolence. After the first person constructs a statue, other people can say what they see/notice and then the “artist” can explain their statue. At least five or six people should construct a statue.

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